A New Load Frequency Control Technique for Hybrid Maritime Microgrids: Sophisticated Structure of Fractional-Order PIDA Controller

This paper proposes an efficient load frequency control (LFC) technique based on a fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative–accelerator with low-pass filter compensator (FOPIDA-LPF) controller, which can also be accurately referred to as the PIλDND2N2 controller. A trustworthy metaheuristic optimization algorithm, known gray wolf optimizer (GWO), is used fine-tune suggested controller parameters. Moreover, proposed designed for LFC of self-contained hybrid maritime microgrid system (HMμGS) containing solid oxide fuel cell energy units, marine biodiesel generator, renewable sources (RESs), non-sensitive loads, and sensitive loads. The enables power deal random variations in intermittent sources. Comparisons various controllers literature demonstrate excellence Additionally, proficiency GWO checked against other powerful techniques that have been extensively researched: particle swarm ant lion optimization. Finally, simulation results performed by MATLAB software prove effectiveness reliability built under several contingencies different perturbations generation RESs. maintain stability within system, while greatly decreasing overshooting minimizing system’s settling time rise time.